《植物生理学报》 2022, 58(4): 667-676

大花美人蕉种子高效无菌萌发及离体快繁体系的建立

李琴，舒木林，甘祖燕，肇瑾，赵婷，张文娥^*，潘学军^*

贵州大学农学院, 贵阳550025

通信作者：张文娥；E-mail: 836151805@qq.com；潘学军；E-mail: pxjun2050@aliyun.com

摘　要：

以大花美人蕉‘墨红’和‘Grand Due’的自然结实种子为材料, 建立种子无菌高效萌发体系, 然后以无菌苗为外植体, 研究了母本基因型、培养基状态、基础培养基类型和植物生长调节剂种类及浓度对不定芽增殖和根系诱导的影响, 建立离体快繁体系。结果表明, 种子在液体+玻璃珠状态下无菌萌发率达90%以上; ‘墨红’和‘Grand Due’ 2种母本基因型后代试管苗的不定芽增殖率分别为63.77%和75.33%, 增殖系数均在3以上。分析不同培养基状态和类型对‘墨红’不定芽增殖的影响可知, 液体+玻璃珠状态整体优于固体状态, MS培养基效果整体优于N6和B5。最佳不定芽增殖培养基为MS+6-BA 6 mg·L−1+NAA 1.5 mg·L−1,不定芽增殖率为88.89%, 增殖系数达5.3。‘墨红’的适宜生根培养基为1/2MS+NAA 0.5 mg·L−1, 生根率为100%, 且液体+玻璃珠状态更利于试管苗根系生长; 炼苗后移栽成活率为100%, 生长状况良好。

关键词：大花美人蕉; 种子; 离体快繁; 不定芽增殖率; 增殖系数

收稿：2021-11-19   修定：2022-01-05

资助：贵州省科技成果转化项目(黔科合成果[2021一般009])、贵州省高层次创新型人才培养项目(黔科合人才[2016]4038号)、国家 自然科学基金(31460371)、贵州省生物学一流学科开放基金(GNYL[2017]009FX4KT37)和大学生“SRT计划”项目[贵大SRT字 (2019)323号]

Establishment of efficient seed germination and in vitro rapid propagation system of Canna × generalis

LI Qin, SHU Mulin, GAN Zuyan, ZHAO Jin, ZHAO Ting, ZHANG Wen'e^*, PAN Xuejun^*

College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China

Corresponding author: ZHANG Wen'e; E-mail: 836151805@qq.com; PAN Xuejun; E-mail: pxjun2050@aliyun.com

Abstract:

The seeds of Canna × generalis ‘Mohong’ and ‘Grand Due’ were used as materials to establish a sterile and efficient germination system, and then the sterile seedlings were used as explants to study the effects of maternal genotype, medium status, type of basal medium and types and concentrations of plant growth regulators on adventitious shoot proliferation and root induction. In vitro rapid propagation system was established. The results showed that the germinating rate of sterile seeds in liquid medium with glassbeads was more than 90%. The proliferation rate of adventitious shoots of ‘Mohong’ and ‘Grand Due’progenies was 63.77% and 75.33%, respectively, and the proliferation coefficients were above 3. By analyzing of the effects of different medium conditions and types on the adventitious bud proliferation of ‘Mohong’, the results showed that the propagation effect of liquid medium with glassbeads was better than that of solid medium, and MS basal medium was better than that of N6 and B5. The optimal medium for adventitious bud proliferation was MS+6-BA 6 mg·L−1+NAA 1.5 mg·L−1. The proliferation rate of adventitious bud was 88.89% and the proliferation coefficient was 5.3. The optimal rooting medium for ‘Mohong’was 1/2MS+NAA 0.5 mg·L−1, the rooting rate was 100%, and liquid medium with glassbeads was more conducive to the root growth of in vitro seedlings. The survival rate of transplanting was 100% and the growth condition was good.

Key words: Canna × generalis; seed; in vitro rapid propagation; adventitious bud proliferation rate; propagation coefficient